Clean Technology

Clean Technology

Meaning

Clean Technology = Using microbes to reduce air, soil, and water pollution caused by human activities.

Microbes have natural ability to decompose manmade chemicals like hydrocarbons, plastics, and toxic metals.



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Ways Microbes Help in Clean Technology

1. Removing Pollution from Fuels:
-Some microbes remove sulphur from fuels.
-Helps reduce air pollution from burning fuels.

2. Controlling Metal Pollution:
-Metals like copper, iron, uranium, zinc, etc. leak into environment from low-quality ores.
-Microbes like Thiobacillus and Sulphobacillus convert these metals into safe compounds before leaching.

3. Cleaning Oil Spills in Oceans
-Oil spills are dangerous for aquatic life.
-Mechanical cleaning cannot remove the oil completely.

Microbes like:
•Pseudomonas spp.
•Alcanovorax borkumensis

-These are hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB) → they decompose hydrocarbons into CO₂ and water.

4. Plastic Decomposition

-Plastics like PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) are harmful to environment.

-Bacteria that decompose plastic:
•Vibrio
•Ideonella sakaiensis
•Actinomycetes, Streptomyces, Nocardia, Actinoplanes

5. Controlling Acid Rain Pollution

-Sulphuric acid present in acid rain damages soil, statues, bridges, and buildings.

Some bacteria use sulphuric acid as food:
•Acidophillium spp.
•Acidobacillus ferroxidens

-These microbes help control soil pollution caused by acid rain.

6. Reducing Uranium Pollution:
-Uranium salts (from electroplating and atomic plants) pollute ground water.

-Microbe Geobacter converts soluble uranium salts into insoluble salts, preventing them from mixing with water.



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Important Microbes Mentioned:

•Alcanovorax borkumensis → destroys hydrocarbons (oil spills).

•Pseudomonas → degrades hydrocarbons.

•Acidobacillus → controls acid rain pollution.

•Vibrio, Ideonella sakaiensis → decompose plastics.

•Actinomycetes, Streptomyces, Nocardia, Actinoplanes → degrade plastics/garbage.

•Geobacter → controls uranium pollution.

Regards
Mansi 

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